What is glioma cancer stem cells?

Glioblastoma is an aggressive and heterogeneous tumor in which glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are at the apex of an entropic hierarchy and impart devastating therapy resistance. The high entropy of GSCs is driven by a permissive epigenetic landscape and a mutational landscape that revokes crucial cellular checkpoints.

Why are cancer stem cells CSCS Radioresistant?

Based on findings that cancer cell clonogens exhibit stem cell features, it has been suggested that cancer stem-like cells are relatively radioresistant owing to different intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including quiescence, activated radiation response mechanisms (e.g., enhanced DNA repair, upregulated cell cycle …

What type of stem cells are used to treat brain cancer?

Over the last 20 years, neural stem cells (NSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced NSCs have been developed as therapeutic agents for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Can cancer cells be resistant to radiation?

Much to the dismay of patients and physicians, cancer stem cells—tiny powerhouses that generate and maintain tumor growth in many types of cancers—are relatively resistant to the ionizing radiation often used as therapy for these conditions.

Is glioma the same as glioblastoma?

A glioma is one of the most common categories of primary brain tumor. Glioblastoma is a type of glioma. Glioma is an umbrella term for cancer of the glial cells that surround nerve endings in the brain.

Why stem cells are radiosensitive?

Stem cell radiosensitivity is due to several signaling pathways that are activated/deactivated in response to irradiation. We believe that pluralistic interaction of molecular and epigenetic mechanisms collectively regulate and impart IR hypersensitive phenotype to the normal stem cells.

Which tissue type is least radiosensitive?

The least sensitive are nerve cells and muscle fibers.

Does stem cell therapy work on brain tumor?

The treatment of malignant brain tumors remains a challenge. Stem cell technology has been applied in the treatment of brain tumors largely because of the ability of some stem cells to infiltrate into regions within the brain where tumor cells migrate as shown in preclinical studies.

What causes Radioresistance?

An increasing number of studies demonstrated that radioresistance is closely associated with the tumor metabolism alterations [24, 25]. Clinically, the main cause of radiotherapy failure is cellular radioresistance, conferred via glycolytic or mitochondrial metabolic changes [67].

Why do some cancers not respond to radiation?

Your cells normally grow and divide to form new cells. But cancer cells grow and divide faster than most normal cells. Radiation works by making small breaks in the DNA inside cells. These breaks keep cancer cells from growing and dividing and cause them to die.

Why do gliomas not metastasize?

Resistance of the endothelium to invasion by gliomas, resistance of the lungs to growth of gliomas (especially medulloblastomas), inability of gliomas to induce stroma, and immunological factors have been cited,1 but no one seems to have seriously considered the time elements that may be involved.