What is the Muskingum method used for?
What is the Muskingum method used for?
The Muskingum routing method uses a conservation of mass approach to route an inflow hydrograph. The Muskingum method can also account for “looped” storage vs. outflow relationships that commonly exist in most rivers (i.e. hysteresis).
How are Muskingum parameters calculated?
In the absence of flow measurements, Muskingam parameters, K and X, can be estimated from channel characteristics. Vw = I / B (dQ/dy), where B is top width of the water surface and dQ/dy is the slope of the discharge rating curve at a representative channel cross section.
What is Muskingum method of flood routing?
Explanation: A common method of Hydrologic channel routing is Muskingum method, in which the channel storage in a reach is expressed as a function of both inflow and outflow discharge.
What is Muskingum-Cunge method?
The Muskingum-Cunge (M-C) method is an efficient technique often applied to solve flood routing problems. There are two free parameters in the M-C method: the spatial step and the temporal step. The accuracy of the method wholly depends on the Courant number (essentially the ratio of these step sizes).
What are the methods of flood routing?
Two general divisions or classifications of flood rout- ing methods are hydrologic and hydraulic. Hydrologic methods are generally based on the solution of the conservation of mass equation and a relation of stor- age and discharge in a stream reach or reservoir.
What is reservoir routing?
Reservoir routing is actually simply the numerical solution of a differential equation. Any standard method can be used, and all are simpler than the traditional method.
What is hydraulic routing?
In hydrology, routing is a technique used to predict the changes in shape of a hydrograph as water moves through a river channel or a reservoir. In flood forecasting, hydrologists may want to know how a short burst of intense rain in an area upstream of a city will change as it reaches the city.
Which of the following equation is used for hydrologic flood routing?
Hydrologic routing methods employ the equation of continuity. In its simplest form, inflow to river reach is equal to the outflow of the river reach plus the change of storage. Note: In the case of hydraulic routing, the continuity equation together with the equation of momentum is used.
What is flood routing?
Flood routing is the technique of determining the flood hydrograph at a section of a river by utilizing the data of flood flow at one or more upstream sections. The hydrologic analysis of problems such as flood forecasting, flood protection, reservoir design and spillway design invariably include flood routing.
What is index flow in HEC HMS?
In the HEC-HMS 4.3 Users Manual I found the following text: “The index flow should represent the expected maximum flow in the reach”. So could you put in some arbitrary flow for the index flow, run the model, look at the peak flow at the upstream end of the reach, enter that as the index flow and run it again.
What is basic equation of flood routing?
BASIC EQUATIONS. The equation of continuity used in all hydrologic routing as the primary equation states that the difference between the inflow and outflow rate is equal to the rate of change of storage, i.e. Page 3. HYDROLOGIC STORAGE ROUINGT.
What is the main purpose of flood routing?
Flood routing studies predict potential floods. They use the flow rate of the channel, the velocity of the water, and the local geology to build special graphs (Hydrographs), a channel “fingerprint,” if you like. Then, when this data is plugged into special engineering formulas, floods become forecastable.