What is the equation for a tsunami?

What is the equation for a tsunami?

Tsunami speed can be computed by taking the square root of the product of the acceleration of gravity, which is 32.2 feet (9.8 meters) per second squared, and water depth. In 15,000 feet (4,600 meters) of water, this works out to almost 475 mph (765 km/h).

What are the three stages of a tsunami?

The “lifetime” of a tsunami can be divided up into three stages: generation, propagation, and runup. (Comer 1978) Of these, we are most concerned with the first two.

How a tsunami is formed?

A tsunami is a series of extremely long waves caused by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean, usually the result of an earthquake below or near the ocean floor. This force creates waves that radiate outward in all directions away from their source, sometimes crossing entire ocean basins.

What is the velocity of a tsunami?

Wave velocity is the speed of the wave. Velocities of normal ocean waves are about 90 km/hr while tsunami have velocities up to 950 km/hr (about as fast as jet airplanes), and thus move much more rapidly across ocean basins. The velocity of any wave is equal to the wavelength divided by the wave period.

What are features of a tsunami?

As the waves slow down, they can grow in height and currents intensify. Most tsunamis are less than 10 feet high, but in extreme cases, can exceed 100 feet. When a tsunami comes ashore, it will not look like a normal wind wave. It may look like a fast-rising flood or a wall of water.

What are the main causes of tsunami?

Earthquakes. Most tsunami are caused by large earthquakes on the sea floor when slabs of rock move past each other suddenly, causing the overlying water to move. The resulting waves move away from the source of the earthquake event.

What is the physics of a tsunami?

Tsunamis are very different from wind-waves. They are characterised by long wavelengths (e g 100 km) and long periods (e g 5 min). Tsunamis move at speeds equal to the square root of the product of acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m s‑2) and the depth of the water, v = 9.8d where d is the ocean depth.