What is alpha SMA a marker for?
What is alpha SMA a marker for?
α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is used as a marker for a subset of activated fibrogenic cells, myofibroblasts, which are regarded as important effector cells of tissue fibrogenesis.
What is the function of alpha actin?
α-actinin primarily influences the cohesiveness and mechanics of the cytoskeleton by cross-linking actin filaments and other cytoskeleton components to create a scaffold that imparts stability and forms a bridge between the cytoskeleton and signaling pathways.
What does alpha smooth muscle actin stain for?
Alpha smooth muscle actin antibody (ab5694) stains smooth muscle cells in vessel walls, gut wall, and myometrium. Myoepithelial cells in breast and salivary gland are also stained. ab5694 reacts with tumors arising from smooth muscles and myoepithelial cells.
Do fibroblasts express alpha SMA?
In healing tissues, fibroblasts acquire a contractile phenotype, characterized by formation of microfilament bundles, and by de novo expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA).
What does it mean if a tumor is positive for SMA?
SMA is a sensitive marker of myoepithelial differentiation, but it is not specific, because any cell with substantial expression of actin is positive for SMA. In the breast, myofibroblasts and blood vessels are generally positive for SMA.
What does actin stand for?
Definition of actin (Entry 1 of 2) : a cellular protein found especially in microfilaments (such as those comprising myofibrils) and active in muscular contraction, cellular movement, and maintenance of cell shape. actin- combining form.
Where is alpha actin located?
striated muscle tissue
Actin, a polypeptide molecule, is one of the largest and most abundant proteins found in striated muscle tissue (nearly 20% of all cellular protein). Actin is an important contractile protein, and is the principal component of the thin filament.
What is the difference between alpha and beta actin?
There are a number of different types of actin with slightly different structures and functions. α-actin is found exclusively in muscle fibres, while β- and γ-actin are found in other cells. As the latter types have a high turnover rate the majority of them are found outside permanent structures.
What does positive smooth muscle antibody mean?
What Does a Positive Smooth Muscle Antibody Test Mean? Normally, very little to no ASMAs are found in your blood. If your blood test shows a high amount of ASMAs, you may have autoimmune hepatitis. It means that your immune system is attacking healthy cells in your liver using autoantibodies.
What cells express alpha SMA?
Myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts express α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and have contractile and secretory properties that are central to controlling tissue architecture [6].
Is SMA an autoimmune disease?
An autoantibody attacks the body’s own cells and tissues by mistake. SMAs attack smooth muscle tissues in the liver and other parts of the body. If SMAs are found in your blood, it is likely you have autoimmune hepatitis. Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease in which the immune system attacks liver tissues.
Is a malignant tumor of smooth muscle?
A malignant (cancer) tumor of smooth muscle cells that can arise almost anywhere in the body, but is most common in the uterus, abdomen, or pelvis.
Where is actin located in the body?
The actin protein is found in both the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus. Its location is regulated by cell membrane signal transduction pathways that integrate the stimuli that a cell receives stimulating the restructuring of the actin networks in response.
What foods contain actin?
Q5. Name a food source for the following proteins
- Albumin = Egg/meat.
- Caseinogen = Milk/cheese.
- Collagen = Meat/fish.
- Actin = Meat/fish.
- Gluten = Wheat/cereals.
- Myosin = Meat/fish.
- Gelatin = Meat/fish.
Does cardiac muscle have alpha actinin?
Alpha cardiac actin is the major protein of the thin filament in cardiac sarcomeres, which are responsible for muscle contraction and generation of force to support the pump function of the heart.
What causes actin?
The first step in actin polymerization (called nucleation) is the formation of a small aggregate consisting of three actin monomers. Actin filaments are then able to grow by the reversible addition of monomers to both ends, but one end (the plus end) elongates five to ten times faster than the minus end.
What does positive actin antibody mean?
What does the test result mean? A significant increase in the blood titer of SMA or actin antibody and/or ANA is usually due to autoimmune hepatitis type 1. A small increase in SMA or actin antibody may be present in up to 50% of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).
What are examples of smooth muscle tumors?
Benign smooth muscle tumors include smooth muscle hamartoma and angioleiomyoma. A specific category of leiomyomas are estrogen-receptor positive ones in women. These are similar to uterine leiomyomas and can occur anywhere in the abdomen and abdominal wall.
What does the alpha actinin 3 protein do?
ACTN3 codes the α-actinin-3 protein (ACTN3), a part of contractile apparatus in the “fast-twitch” muscle fibers that are responsible for the rapid muscle contractions and, thus, involved in strength- and power-orientated performance (MacArthur and North, 2007).
What is the alpha actin gene?
The alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. Defects in this gene have been associated with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) and familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC). For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
Which actins are not stained by alpha smooth muscle actin antibody?
The other actins, such as beta- and gamma-cytoplasmic, striated muscle and myocardium are not stained by this alpha smooth muscle Actin antibody. Synthetic peptide corresponding to Human alpha smooth muscle Actin (N terminal). WB: HEK-293, A431, HeLa, Jurkat and NIH/3T3 whole cell lysate. Mouse heart tissue homogenate. HeLa nuclear lysate.
What are alpha and beta cytoplasmic actins?
Each is encoded by a separated gene and is expressed in a developmentally regulated and tissue-specific manner, alpha and beta cytoplasmic actins are expressed in a wide variety of cells; whereas, expression of alpha skeletal, alpha cardiac, alpha vascular and gamma enteric actins are more restricted to specialized muscle cell type.
What is the best way to store Alpha-cardiac actin polyclonal antibody?
The following product was used in this experiment: alpha-Cardiac Actin Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # PA5-21396, RRID AB_11152296. Created with sketchtool. Created with sketchtool. Store at 4°C short term. For long term storage, store at -20°C, avoiding freeze/thaw cycles.