What is lineage specific gene expression?
What is lineage specific gene expression?
Lineage-specific genes (LSGs) are defined as genes found in one particular taxonomic group but have no significant sequence similarity with genes from other lineages, which compose about 10%? 20% of the total genes in the genome of a focal organism.
How does gene duplication contribute to evolution?
The most obvious contribution of gene duplication to evolution is providing new genetic material for mutation, drift, and selection to act upon, making new evolutionary opportunities possible (Zhang 2003).
What is lineage specific expansion?
Lineage specific expansion (LSE) is defined as the proliferation of a specific protein family in a genera/species, relative to its sister lineage, with which it is compared (Clark et al. 2007).
What is a duplication event in evolution?
Evolution by gene duplication is an event by which a gene or part of a gene can have two identical copies that can not be distinguished from each other. This phenomenon is understood to be an important source of novelty in evolution, providing for an expanded repertoire of molecular activities.
What are lineage specific transcription factors?
Lineage-specific TFs alter gene expression patterns by binding to specific DNA sequences within cis-regulatory elements (CREs), including promoters and enhancers. These factors can also change chromatin architecture to determine lineage cell fate and to constrain the development of other lineages.
What are lineage specific markers?
The lineage markers are characteristic molecules for cell lineages, e.g. cell surface markers, mRNAs, or internal proteins. Certain antibodies can be used to detect or purify cells with these markers by binding to their surface antigens.
What is an example of gene duplication?
Some examples of such neofunctionalization is the apparent mutation of a duplicated digestive gene in a family of ice fish into an antifreeze gene and duplication leading to a novel snake venom gene and the synthesis of 1 beta-hydroxytestosterone in pigs.
What are the three evolutionary paths for duplicated genes?
Three possible fates of duplicated genes: pseudogenization (nonfunctionalization), neofunctionalization, and subfunctionalization using cis-regulatory modules as targets of divergence.
How does gene duplication create new genes?
Each new gene must have arisen from an already existing gene.” Gene duplication occurs when errors in the DNA-replication process produce multiple instances of a gene. Over generations, the versions accrue mutations and diverge, so that they eventually encode different molecules, each with their own function.
What is Sox2 staining?
Sox2 is a key upregulated factor in lung squamous cell carcinoma, directing many genes involved in tumor progression. Sox2 overexpression cooperates with loss of Lkb1 expression to promote squamous cell lung cancer in mice. Its overexpression also activates cellular migration and anchorage-independent growth.
What is lineage specific hematopoiesis?
Hematopoiesis is the process that generates blood cells of all lineages. Calculations based on the blood volume and the level and half-life of each type of blood cell in the circulation indicate that each day an adult produces approximately 200 billion erythrocytes, 100 billion leukocytes, and 100 billion platelets.
What are Lin markers?
How does gene duplication play a role in evolution?
Criteria and single genome scans. The two genes that exist after a gene duplication event are called paralogs and usually code for proteins with a similar function and/or structure.
Which situation allows for evolution during gene duplication?
Weegy: A mutation occurs in one copy of the original gene is a situation allows for evolution during gene duplication. User: Which factor within a population could be studied to determine whether the population is evolving?
How are genetic mutations drive evolution?
Introduction. Neo-Darwinism offers this basic equation for evolution: mutations+natural selection+millions of years = particles-to-person evolution.
What is the importance of duplication in evolution?
It provides back-up data in case the original sequence gets damaged.